Application bid book preparation

Examples of Application/Bid in a sentence. The Application/Bid Documents uploaded on e-tender portal shall be typed or written in indelible ink and signed by the authorized signatory of the Applicant who shall also initial each page.. The Authority may, in its sole discretion, extend the Application/Bid Due Date by issuing an Addendum/corrigendum …The ebook outlines seven key steps that cover various aspects of tender management, including bid preparation, requirements management, risk assessment, and evaluation. By following these steps, professionals can enhance their tender management skills and increase the likelihood of winning competitive bids. A Bid Document is an output of the Plan Procurement Management process. This document is used when requesting proposals from potential suppliers to the project. The document will contain a description of the products or services that are to be procured. The same document can be issued to several potential suppliers so that responses can be ...applying strategies, among others, to separate the sections on the FAPs and bidding forms from the PBDs, and instead, a Circular shall be issued for the preparation of the PBDs and the bidding forms; WHEREAS, during the 11th GPPB Meeting4 on 16 September 2020, the GPPB-Technical Support Office (TSO) presented the following proposals: 1.Tender Engineer. 10/2009 - 03/2015. Los Angeles, CA. Respond to the customer spec with respect to HW and 3rd party software aspects. Prepare tender documentation explaining the ABB HW and 3rd party delivery and limiting the scope of work. Estimate HW and 3rd party software cost estimates including e.g. time for mounting, installation and ...Part I : Fundamental Extraction Techniques. Liquid–Liquid Extraction in Environmental Analysis (Pages: 39-51) Microdialysis Sampling as a Sample Preparation Method (Pages: 103-123) Liquid-Phase Microextraction (LPME) Utilizing Porous Hollow Fibers (Pages: 125-148) Sample Preparation in Membrane Introduction Mass …December 2020 | City Bidding Book: Washington State 4 by contract. Consequently, this expenditure does not need to be bid, and prevailing wages do not apply. However, if instead of using city employees to perform the work, the city contracts out for the repair, the repair work is clearly a public workCross-School Research. The University’s Bid Preparation Fund supports large collaborative research applications by providing funding for bid development activity. Who can apply Project leads and co-leads of collaborative research grant applications involving at least one internal or external partner can request funding from this Fund.Below is the list of the Top 10 best available books on how to win a Tender proposal, RFP/ RFQ, Bids : The Shredder Test: a step-by-step guide to writing winning …10. Provide space for the owner's signature. The bid is not a construction contract. However, you'll want the owner to sign your bid if they accept it. Add words such as “Acceptance of Proposal” and then lines for the owner's signature and the date.a) “Bid” refers to the idder’s response to the Invitation to id, including the id Submission Form, Technical Bid and Price Schedule and all other documentation attached thereto as required by the ITB. b) “Bidder” refers to any legal entity that may submit, or has submitted, a Bid for the supply of goods and Apr 21, 2023 · If using a computer, create one folder for the whole book, then create individual folders to hold different types of information. If using pen and paper, set aside a drawer that is just for your book materials. Put individual notebooks or file folders dedicated to different types of information in the drawer. Instructor Dashboard by Pocket Prep. You know what you teach them. We’ll show you what they learn. Get insights on how prepared your students are with Pocket Prep. The Instructor Dashboard is intended to support instructors and administrators at colleges, universities, trade schools, or in corporate education.Other factors to consider when making your bid/no-bid decision include project location, duration, size and scope, competition, client, and designer. Once you’ve determined which factors and criteria …CUET 2024 Preparation Books for Domain-Specific Subjects. In the Domain-specific test, there will be 27 subjects, out of which you have to choose six domains that you wish to pursue in your UG course or have studied in Class 12. NCERT textbooks will be very useful in enhancing your CUET Exam Preparation for section II.File Format. PDF. Size: 15.4 KB. Download. Our tender documents are available for free in Word and Excel formats and the template of your choice can be downloaded and printed. Important information in the tender document can even be highlighted and the company’s logo and stamp can also be added to the template.You may also see stamp samples. 1 Understand the requirements. The first step in designing a winning bid document is to understand the requirements of the request for proposal (RFP) or the invitation to tender (ITT). You need to ...6. Bidding documents in English may be purchased by interested bidders on submission of a written application to the Head Procurement & Disposal Unit of the respective District Local Government upon payment of a non-refundable fee of UGX: 100,000 (One Hundred Thousand Uganda Shillings only). The method of payment will be throughThe correct answer is ' sent to potential suppliers of goods & services.' Key Points . An invitation to tender, also known as an ITT, is a formal procurement document that is issued by the buyer, inviting suppliers to bid for the contract of works they are looking to fulfill.; This could be for the supply of either goods, services or works that the …The Winning Bid is an easy-to-read practical guide that teaches small business entrepreneurs, B2B contractors, account executives, contract managers and non …Other factors to consider when making your bid/no-bid decision include project location, duration, size and scope, competition, client, and designer. Once you’ve determined which factors and criteria …The Official Guide to the TOEFL iBT® Test. This guide is a comprehensive, all-in-one reference to help you prepare for the test and get your best score. It is available in eBook and paperback formats and includes: four full-length practice tests. interactive versions of all four tests, in addition to the book versions. valuable tips.Certify your ability to: Utilise the latest best practices for proposal and bid management. Improve client management and negotiation planning skills. Submit winning proposals by developing a structured content plan and write compelling proposal text. Win business through information research and management, planning, development and sales ... The ebook outlines seven key steps that cover various aspects of tender management, including bid preparation, requirements management, risk assessment, and evaluation. By following these steps, professionals can enhance their tender management skills and increase the likelihood of winning competitive bids. Application Software for ICSI Important Dates and Information Tender Publish Date 8th August, 2014 Last date and time for Sending Pre-Bid Queries in written 18th August, 2014 by 5:00 PM Pre-Bid Meeting 20th August, 2014 at 2:00 PM at ICSI HQ at 22, ICSI House, Institutional Area Lodhi Road, New Delhi Last Date and Time For Receipt of BidsKim-Ling Sun. Edited by. Tyler Epps. Updated on November 21, 2022. Learn more about our editorial process. College applications can be nerve-racking. Check out some great books to help you put your best foot forward when applying to …Bid Opening Virtual Meeting - Teams Meeting (April 20, 2021 10:30 AM) Bid Opening / Tabulation; YES Prep RFP 2021-01 Consulting & Comprehensive Marketing Services. Addendum 1- RFP YP2021-01; Addendum 2- RFP YP2021-01. Q & A - First Batch; YES PREP RFP 2020-05 Leadership Development & CEO Succession Planning Services. …Bid Writing for Project Managers will guide prospective project managers through the bid-writing lifecycle, providing comprehensive guidelines and numerous tips on how to craft a winning bid and how to set the project up with the best possible chance of success. Read more. ISBN-10. 056609214X. ISBN-13.Bidder pre-tender preparation. Companies that wish to compete for and hopefully win the tender, will work independently and in parallel with the client – but usually follow a different timeline and path. This phase is usually managed by the bidder's Business Development (BD) department, with a dedicated pursuit team focused on the client and ...* Huge scope - covers all aspects of tender writing for public sector, private sector and research funding * Expert guidance from a specialist who has written over 200 successful …The book was written for individuals in the business market that may write a few proposals each year. They are small business owners, salespeople, and lone proposal writers. Bids & Proposals for Dummies will help these individuals understand how to write customer-focused, persuasive proposals that win them more business. Chapter (s)Find out the best books for NDA 2024 preparation recommended by experts at Shiksha.com. Proper selection of books is very critical and we have covered subject-wise important books. ... Around two to three Lacs candidates apply for NDA exam. The written exam of NDA is cleared by around 8000 to 10,000 candidates. Such candidates are …ITT, which stands for an invitation to tender, is a pivotal step in the process of winning new work. Last updated: Dec 17, 2021 @ 2:03 pm Understanding ITT. An ITT has many abbreviations, but one thing is clear – it is key to growing a business. Issuing an ITT document typically begins the ‘tender process’, by which a business (the buyer) selects …The next task is to develop a bidding process in event management. Top 10 tips to consider within the bidding process in event management . Read the ITT; One thing to consider when entering into the bidding process in event management is reading the ITT documents. This step is severely neglected and can cause critical time and effort to be in …Typically, contractors delivering such services are selected through the Request for Proposals (RFPs) process or some other appropriate means and are paid on a "fee-for-service" basis. Tennessee also uses grant awards to achieve many of its objectives and programmatic responsibilities. Grants are simply types of contracts that are used to ... Step 4 – Practise the application of these concepts. Step 5 – Get Test Ready. If we divide your GMAT preparation journey into broad steps, these steps would be: Step 1- Understand your current ability. You would need a reliable Diagnostic test (discussed in detail in the last section) for this step.Bidding the project application preparation and writing instruments Daquan(Chinese Edition) by HUANG HE LANG - ISBN 10: 7502950400 - ISBN 13: 9787502950408 - Weather Pub. Date :2010-09-01 version 1 - 2000 - Softcover ... My Account My Purchases Advanced Search Browse Collections Rare Books Art & …Bidding for Development delivers actionable recommendations for all Olympic stakeholders to improve the value of the bid process and transportation benefits beyond the Games. 12.3 ounces. 5.0 out of 5 stars. Brief content visible, double tap to read full content. Full content visible, double tap to read brief content. Amazon Devices.This pdf document is an annex to the Belize report on the implementation of the Inter-American Convention against Corruption. It provides a detailed handbook on the public procurement procedures in Belize, covering the legal framework, the institutional arrangements, the bidding process, the contract management, and the oversight mechanisms. It is a valuable resource for anyone interested in ... Application Software for ICSI Important Dates and Information Tender Publish Date 8th August, 2014 Last date and time for Sending Pre-Bid Queries in written 18th August, 2014 by 5:00 PM Pre-Bid Meeting 20th August, 2014 at 2:00 PM at ICSI HQ at 22, ICSI House, Institutional Area Lodhi Road, New Delhi Last Date and Time For Receipt of BidsThe winning bid : a practical guide to successful bid management : Jaques, Emma (Consultant) : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive. xi, 231 pages : …May 22, 2023 · Once you’ve sent your scope of work and statement of work at the beginning of your vetting process to your vendors, it’s time to issue your RFQ template to all parties. We’ve included the six main steps in creating an RFQ document below to help you get started on your next project. 1. Set your project budget. Nov 16, 2023 · Also known as a tender package or bid documents, the bid package outlines the project’s scope, requirements, and specifications, enabling contractors to develop an accurate and competitive proposal. It serves as the basis for the preparation and submission of bids and ensures that all bidders have consistent and complete information to work ... 1 Identify the opportunity. The first step in creating a bid plan is to identify the opportunity that matches your skills, experience, and goals. You need to research the funder's background ...CUET 2024 Preparation Books for Domain-Specific Subjects. In the Domain-specific test, there will be 27 subjects, out of which you have to choose six domains that you wish to pursue in your UG course or have studied in Class 12. NCERT textbooks will be very useful in enhancing your CUET Exam Preparation for section II.Some of the typical tender documents for construction include: An invitation to tender letter like this or request for tender. The form of tender or 'tender submission'. Preliminary documents and information around pre-construction and site management. Contracts and contract conditions. A tender pricing and specs document. Dec 13, 2023 · Bidding is the process of submitting tenders to clients to undertake or manage a particular project. It leads to the generation of bid proposals that typically consist of cost estimates, blueprints and takeoff details. You can leverage construction bidding solutions to produce a winning bid proposal. The Tuition Process. 1) Following an initial consultation, we suggest an Oxbridge mentor and send their full CV for review. We will select a tutor with a similar background to the student, from their Number 1 degree course (or someone who can advise on course choice if the student is as yet undecided).Alan Tawse 02.12.2020 - 4 min In the period leading up to a formal tender process, both the client and the potential bidder will be preparing, each in their own way. Client …a) “Bid” refers to the idder’s response to the Invitation to id, including the id Submission Form, Technical Bid and Price Schedule and all other documentation attached thereto as required by the ITB. b) “Bidder” refers to any legal entity that may submit, or has submitted, a Bid for the supply of goods and Book building is a systematic process of generating, capturing, and recording investor demand for shares. Usually, the issuer appoints a major investment bank to act as a major securities underwriter or bookrunner.. Book building is an alternative method of making a public issue in which applications are accepted from huge buyers such as financial …Dec 27, 2021 · 3. Using Knowledge Carriers Properly And Tracking The Progress. Efficiently answering RFPs and finding out which ones are most likely to win is critical for company success. Bid management teams ... Underneath the client information, you need to include a list of the services you intend to provide. This is among the most important parts of your bid since it will help the client understand exactly what is included in the price. It’s crucial that you be specific with this list. We’ll get into that shortly.Bid preparation: Prepare a well-structured and comprehensive bid proposal that addresses all the requirements and provides a compelling value proposition to the client. Qualifications and experience: Highlight your qualifications, relevant experience, and expertise in similar projects to establish credibility and trust with the client. BidBook is a construction CRM application built on the Salesforce platform. This unified business organization tool enables sales, estimation, bid coordinators, and financial teams to manage processes from business development and pricing, to bid management and financial reporting for general and specialty contractors.The correct answer is ' sent to potential suppliers of goods & services.' Key Points . An invitation to tender, also known as an ITT, is a formal procurement document that is issued by the buyer, inviting suppliers to bid for the contract of works they are looking to fulfill.; This could be for the supply of either goods, services or works that the …BC Bid user guides. Buyers and suppliers have access to a variety of learning resources in the form of step-by-step user guides, instructional videos, quick reference guides, and more.. Select the appropriate guide to view an online version of the guide, and access more learning resources in the menu boxes to the right of each online guide.Liked by Garikai Matekenya. As experts in recruitment, we understand that finding the perfect talent for your goals is a journey in itself. Time and careful consideration are…. In 2012, over four billion people tuned in to watch the London Summer Olympics. As the single largest mega-event in the world, the Olympics has the power to captivate the global imagination. Long before athletes vie for a gold medal, however, competition between cities eager to host the Games kicks off with a rigorous bid …Types of Auction. There are several types of auction that you can see in the different market, and they are as follows: 1. Primary. English auction – also known as an open ascending price auction, this is the most common form of auction today where participants bid openly against one another requiring the next bid to be higher than the previous bid. The manual is primarily aimed at technicians and others with knowledge of engineering and basic irrigation systems and processes to apply the concepts, techniques and methods proposed, using simple and straightforward design and construction procedures. ISBN 978-92-5-106547-1 ISSN 0254-5284. 9 7 8 9 2 5 1 0 6. The Winning Bid is an easy-to-read practical guide that teaches small business entrepreneurs, B2B contractors, account executives, contract managers and non …The Bid and Proposal Compendium shall be kept as a guide for junior persons to start the journey as bid manager but even as a more senior one, as the book addresses all kind of issues one can face during bid preparation no matter what field you work in. The book is also a great support to prepare for the APMP Foundation certification.Book building is a systematic process of generating, capturing, and recording investor demand for shares. Usually, the issuer appoints a major investment bank to act as a major securities underwriter or bookrunner.. Book building is an alternative method of making a public issue in which applications are accepted from huge buyers such as financial …APMP Foundation-level Certification is the entry level for the APMP Certification Program. Candidates who would like to pursue a Practitioner-level Certification must begin at this level. The exam tests your knowledge of proposal and bid management best practices in 22 entry-level and early career competencies. The exam is: 3. A bid should show that you clearly understand the job. Think of your bid as a customised solution to the client’s unique problem. Just as you should tailor the bid to the decision-makers’ thought processes, you should also tailor your proposal to the job at hand. Bids that win are those which show clearly that you understand the job.* Huge scope - covers all aspects of tender writing for public sector, private sector and research funding * Expert guidance from a specialist who has written over 200 successful tenders and proposals * Highly practical approach - based on examples drawn from actual bids and tenders With more and more corporations opting for "preferred supplier" lists, …The Winning Bid is an easy-to-read practical guide that teaches small business entrepreneurs, B2B contractors, account executives, contract managers and non …Apr 4, 2023 · 1. PandaDoc. Powerful and user-friendly, PandaDoc is a proposal software platform designed to streamline the creation, sending, tracking, and management of professional proposals, contracts, and other business documents. The software is equipped with a huge selection of features to help businesses automate document workflows, collaborate with ... Introduction to the Tender Process. There are several tender procedures that procurement agencies can adopt to evaluate suppliers for their products, services or solutions contracts. The most common and easiest process is that of Open Tenders. This requires less stages than other tender types and is open to all suppliers to bid for the work.The NIMCET syllabus has four fundamental categories. Students must purchase books that correspond to the syllabus in order to properly prepare for the examination. Mathematics, Computer Awareness, Logical Reasoning, and General English are among the disciplines covered. Following is a list of books that may be used to …Instructor Dashboard by Pocket Prep. You know what you teach them. We’ll show you what they learn. Get insights on how prepared your students are with Pocket Prep. The Instructor Dashboard is intended to support instructors and administrators at colleges, universities, trade schools, or in corporate education.Being upfront (and polite in doing so) is professional and makes a good impression. Following up with the client is always a good idea if you haven’t been chosen. In this way, you can learn why your bid wasn’t successful and thank them for the opportunity to bid. 3. Calculate Costs and Check Profit Margins.Bid Book preparation for Kosovo’s application to host the 2030 Mediterranean Games. The Kosovo Olympic Committee is seeking proposals from eligible companies to prepare a fully compliant Bid Book to be submitted to the International Committee of Mediterranean Games (ICMG). The assignment will include the following work packages: 1. Bid Book ... APMP Foundation-level Certification is the entry level for the APMP Certification Program. Candidates who would like to pursue a Practitioner-level Certification must begin at this level. The exam tests your knowledge of proposal and bid management best practices in 22 entry-level and early career competencies. The exam is: BC Bid user guides. Buyers and suppliers have access to a variety of learning resources in the form of step-by-step user guides, instructional videos, quick reference guides, and more.. Select the appropriate guide to view an online version of the guide, and access more learning resources in the menu boxes to the right of each online guide.Plus, save as much as $250 extra when you bundle hotel + flight. 3 night min. stay required. Additional terms apply. Use code: ALOHASAVINGS ... Save 15% or more on featured deals when you stay 2 nights or longer. Book by 1/29/24 9am. Explore Deals . Our Best Deals are in the App. Discover hotel, flight and rental car deals exclusively in the ...Pre-bid meeting Selected District Local Governments 22nd January 2021 c) Bid closing date Selected District Local Governments 5th February 2021 c) Bid opening date Selected District Local Governments 5th February 2021 d) Evaluation process Selected District Local Governments Within 20 days (e) Display and communication of best Visure’s ebook, “7 Steps for Success in Tender Management,” provides a comprehensive guide to effectively managing the tendering process. The ebook outlines …After booking a flat but before signing the Agreement for Lease: Option fee: You must wait out a 1-year period from the date of cancellation of the flat application before you may apply or be included as an essential occupier for: A new flat; A resale flat with CPF housing grant; A Design, Build and Sell Scheme (DBSS) flat from the property ...* Huge scope - covers all aspects of tender writing for public sector, private sector and research funding * Expert guidance from a specialist who has written over 200 successful …1 Understand the requirements. The first step in designing a winning bid document is to understand the requirements of the request for proposal (RFP) or the invitation to tender (ITT). You need to ...Amazon.in - Buy Principle and Practice of Bid Management : Guide for Bid Managers book online at best prices in India on Amazon.in. Read Principle and Practice of Bid …Book 1:1 Demo. Connect to the systems you already use. Bidhive plays very well with others. Bidhive now talks to over 60 different platforms so you can share data no matter where you need it. Our expert team of integration specialists can assist with getting everything set up and working properly using our custom API.Apply the Installation and T&C process in Tender phase by ... Previous experience with SCADA, Substation Automation and Human machine interface bid preparation, system architecture preparation, relay product ... Book the won PO’s in a short delay with the help of Sales Admin TeamLiked by Garikai Matekenya. As experts in recruitment, we understand that finding the perfect talent for your goals is a journey in itself. Time and careful consideration are…. Welcome to Testbook.com - The most trusted exam preparation Site for competitive exams. Prepare for Exams like Banking, SSC, Railways, GATE, UPSC with 26000+ Mock tests and Live Coaching. BC Bid user guides. Buyers and suppliers have access to a variety of learning resources in the form of step-by-step user guides, instructional videos, quick reference guides, and more.. Select the appropriate guide to view an online version of the guide, and access more learning resources in the menu boxes to the right of each online guide.To managing the bidding and walkthrough by contractors, to administering an AIA contract to payment requisitions, to construction progress monitoring. These services will help you be a more successful owner or manager at a time when a major expenditure of a restoration is in the balance. FAQ - Bid Book Specifications, Bidding and Contract ...Book 1:1 Demo. Connect to the systems you already use. Bidhive plays very well with others. Bidhive now talks to over 60 different platforms so you can share data no matter where you need it. Our expert team of integration specialists can assist with getting everything set up and working properly using our custom API.The Bid and Proposal Compendium shall be kept as a guide for junior persons to start the journey as bid manager but even as a more senior one, as the book addresses all kind of issues one can face during bid preparation no matter what field you work in. The book is also a great support to prepare for the APMP Foundation certification.Developed by the British Council, the world’s English experts, who have helped more than 100 million people improve their English, the easy-to-use app lets you practice on questions similar to the ones you’ll face in the test. When the day arrives, you’ll know exactly what to expect. TOP FEATURES: 1. Comprehensive overview of the IELTS …An in-depth guide to data prep. By. Craig Stedman, Industry Editor. Ed Burns. Mary K. Pratt. Data preparation is the process of gathering, combining, structuring and organizing data so it can be used in business intelligence ( BI ), analytics and data visualization applications. The components of data preparation include data preprocessing ...3. A bid should show that you clearly understand the job. Think of your bid as a customised solution to the client’s unique problem. Just as you should tailor the bid to the decision …Other factors to consider when making your bid/no-bid decision include project location, duration, size and scope, competition, client, and designer. Once you’ve determined which factors and criteria …Instructor Dashboard by Pocket Prep. You know what you teach them. We’ll show you what they learn. Get insights on how prepared your students are with Pocket Prep. The Instructor Dashboard is intended to support instructors and administrators at colleges, universities, trade schools, or in corporate education.Applications are open for LSAC’s Plus pathway programs, which provide insights, support, and community to those looking to join the legal profession. ... Power up your LSAT preparation, track law school application statuses, and get a jump start to 1L success. Get started with LawHub End of Carousel. Registration for the April 2024 LSAT ...Pre-bid meeting Selected District Local Governments 22nd January 2021 c) Bid closing date Selected District Local Governments 5th February 2021 c) Bid opening date Selected District Local Governments 5th February 2021 d) Evaluation process Selected District Local Governments Within 20 days (e) Display and communication of best Liked by Garikai Matekenya. As experts in recruitment, we understand that finding the perfect talent for your goals is a journey in itself. Time and careful consideration are…. Welcome to Testbook.com - The most trusted exam preparation Site for competitive exams. Prepare for Exams like Banking, SSC, Railways, GATE, UPSC with 26000+ Mock tests and Live Coaching. Step 4 – Practise the application of these concepts. Step 5 – Get Test Ready. If we divide your GMAT preparation journey into broad steps, these steps would be: Step 1- Understand your current ability. You would need a reliable Diagnostic test (discussed in detail in the last section) for this step.Nov 16, 2023 · Also known as a tender package or bid documents, the bid package outlines the project’s scope, requirements, and specifications, enabling contractors to develop an accurate and competitive proposal. It serves as the basis for the preparation and submission of bids and ensures that all bidders have consistent and complete information to work ... 3) Installation plans of the incubation and rearing facilities should be separately provided in detail with a scale of 1:10 to 1:50. 4) Reinforcement details of the different tanks and the building as well as other detailed plans needed for construction of the hatchery must be provided in a scale of 1:10 to 1:50. 4.Bid Writing for Project Managers will guide prospective project managers through the bid-writing lifecycle, providing comprehensive guidelines and numerous tips on how to craft a winning bid and how to set the project up with the best possible chance of success. Read more. ISBN-10. 056609214X. ISBN-13.CUET 2024 Preparation Books for Domain-Specific Subjects. In the Domain-specific test, there will be 27 subjects, out of which you have to choose six domains that you wish to pursue in your UG course or have studied in Class 12. NCERT textbooks will be very useful in enhancing your CUET Exam Preparation for section II.3) Installation plans of the incubation and rearing facilities should be separately provided in detail with a scale of 1:10 to 1:50. 4) Reinforcement details of the different tanks and the building as well as other detailed plans needed for construction of the hatchery must be provided in a scale of 1:10 to 1:50. 4.RCW 39.04.010 requires local agencies to award public works contracts to a responsible bidder with the lowest responsive bid. This applies to informal bidding, such as a small works roster, as well as formal competitive bids. Agencies may not negotiate with any of the bidders. Some submissions may involve errors, omissions, or other ... | Cqxirltec (article) | Mhlbk.